The Bihar Legislative Assembly also known as the Bihar Vidhan Sabha is the lower house of the bicameral Bihar Legislature of the state of Bihar in India. The first state elections were held in 1952.

Before partition of Bihar, the total strength of membership in the Assembly was 331, including one nominated member. After partition, seats were reduced to 243 members. Shri Krishna Singh became the first Leader of the House and the first Chief Minister, Anugrah Narayan Singh was elected as the first Deputy Leader of the house and the first Deputy Chief Minister.

History

After the passing of the Government of India Act 1935, Bihar and Orissa became separate states. A bicameral system of legislature was introduced according to the act. In 22 July 1936, first Bihar legislative council was set up. It had 30 members and Rajiv Ranjan Prasad was the chairman. First joint session of the two houses of the Bihar Assembly took place in 22 July 1937. Ram Dayalu Singh was elected as the speaker of the Bihar Assembly.

Bihar Legislative Assembly terms

Following are the dates of constitution and dissolution of the Bihar Legislative Assembly. First sitting date and date of completion of term for each Vidhan Sabha can be different from the constitution and dissolution dates (respectively).

Working

The Bihar Legislative Assembly is not a permanent body and is subject to dissolution. The tenure of the Legislative Assembly is five years from the date appointed for its first sitting unless dissolved sooner. Members of the Legislative Assembly are directly elected by the people.

There are three sessions (Budget session, Monsoon session, Winter session) every year.

The Sessions of Legislative Assembly are presided by Speaker and The Speaker certifies that whether a bill is ordinary bill or money bill. Generally he does not participate in voting but he casts his vote in the case of tie. Nand Kishore Yadav is the current Speaker of Bihar Legislative Assembly.The Legislative Assembly also has a Secretariat which is headed by Secretary. He is under the disciplinary control of Speaker. The function of Secretary is to assist the Speaker. Bateshwar Nath Pandey is the current Secretary of Bihar Legislative Assembly.

Composition

2020

2022

Following is the current composition of the Bihar Legislative Assembly which is after some elected members changed parties, various by-elections and after Nitish Kumar left NDA and formed alliance with Mahagathbandhan on 10 August 2022.

2024

Following was the composition of the Bihar Legislative Assembly after 2024 Bihar political crisis.